furlough A leave of absence from duty (granted especially to a soldier)
furnace An enclosed chamber in which heat is produced to warm
buildings, destroy refuse, smelt or refine ores, etc.
further To a greater distance; in addition; moreover
fury A feeling of intense anger
futile Useless, ineffectual, vain
futility Uselessness
gallery A room for the exhibition of works of art
galloping Moving or running in the mode called a gallop (as a horse); to go
at a gallop; to run or move with speed
gap A conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures; a
break or separation; a deficient area
garbled Lacking orderly continuity; confused
gargantuan Of great mass; huge and bulky
garish Offensively or distressingly bright; tastelessly showy; gaudy
garnish To add decorative or savory touches to (food or drink)
gauge To measure or to ascertain the contents or the capacity of
gender Sex (male or female)
generalization A general statement, law, principle, or proposition
generalize To draw from specific cases for more general cases; to speak in
vague or indefinite statements
generates Composes, creates, or brings out by intellectual or physical effort
generation A group of individuals born and living contemporaneously
generous Willing to give and share unstintingly
genesis The origin or coming into being of something
genial Diffusing warmth and friendliness
geniality Sympathy or friendliness
geology The study of the history of the earth as recorded in rocks
germinate To begin to grow
gesture Something done as an indication of intention; to show, express or
direct through movement
gibberish Rapid and inarticulate speech
gingham A clothing fabric usually of yarn-dyed cotton in plain weave
glacial Devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or
disdain; extremely cold
glamorous Full of glamour
glimmer A faint, unsteady light; feeble, scattered rays of light
glimmering Appearing indistinctly with a faintly luminous quality
gloom To look, feel, or act sullen or despondent
glossy Having a smooth, gleaming surface
glutton One given habitually to greedy and voracious eating and drinking
goad To provoke, as by constant criticism
goal The end toward which effort is directed
goggles Spectacles worn to protect the eyes
gossip Rumor or report of an intimate nature
gourmand A person who is excessively fond of eating and drinking
govern To impose regulations on; to direct or strongly influence the
behavior of; to exercise authority over
governmental Dealing with the affairs or structure of government, politics, or
the state
graceful Characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, etc.;
suggesting taste, ease, and wealth; elegant
gracious Doing or producing good; exhibiting courtesy and politeness
graciously In a kind and courteous manner
gradual Proceeding by steps or degrees
graduation An academic exercise in which diplomas are conferred
grain Dry seedlike fruit produced by the cereal grasses
grammar The study of forms of speech and their relationship to one
another; the art concerned with the right use and application of
the rules of a language
grandiose Impressive because of unnecessary largeness or grandeur
granite A very hard natural igneous rock formation of visibly crystalline
texture
grant To give the possession or title of by a deed
graph A diagram that represents the variation of a variable in
comparison with that of one or more other variables
graphic Of or relating to the visual or descriptive arts, esp. writing and
drawing
grass-roots Of or involving the common people as constituting a fundamental
politico economic group
gratification A source of satisfaction or pleasure
gratitude The state of being grateful; thankfulness
gratuitous Given freely; unearned; unwarranted
gratuity A relatively small amount of money given for services rendered;
an award given without claim or obligation
gravitation A force manifested by acceleration toward each other of two free
material particles or bodies
gravity The gravitational attraction of the mass of the earth, the moon, or
a planet for bodies at or near its surface
gregarious Enjoying the company of others; sociable
grief Intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one
grim Ghastly, repellent, or sinister in character
grimy Full of grime; begrimed; dirty; foul
grind To reduce to powder or small fragments by friction
gritty Having strong qualities of tough, uncompromising realism
grove A small growth of trees without underbrush; a small cultivated
wood without undergrowth
gruff Brusque, surly and forbidding; deep and harsh sounding as if
from shouting, illness, or emotion
guidance Direction or advice as to a decision or course of action; the act of
guiding or showing the way
gullible Easily deceived or tricked
gush To emit a sudden, copious flow
gushing Making an effusive display of affection or enthusiasm
gymnastic A physical feat or contortion
habitable Capable of being inhabited or dwelt in
habitat The type of environment in which an organism or group normally
lives or occurs
habitually Regularly; as a matter of established practice
hackneyed Overfamiliar through overuse; trite
hail To praise vociferously
halt To stop moving; to stop from happening or developing; to come to
rest
harassed Troubled persistently especially with petty annoyances; annoyed;
harried; pestered
harbor A part of a body of water protected and deep enough to furnish
anchorage
harbored Given shelter or refuge to
hardiest Most inured to fatigue or hardships; strongest; most capable of
endurance
hardships Things that cause or entail suffering or privation
harmonious Musically concordant
harmony Compatibility in opinion and action
harp A plucked stringed instrument consisting of a resonator, an
arched or angled neck supported by a post, and strings of graded
length running perpendicular to the soundboard
harvest The act or process of gathering in a crop
hatch To emerge from the eggs of birds or reptiles
haughty Blatantly and disdainfully proud
hazardous Involving risk or danger
hearing The faculty or sense by which sound is perceived; a listening to
facts and evidence
heavily To a considerable degree; with great force; slowly as if burdened
by much weight
heckler Someone who tries to embarrass with gibes, questions and
objections
hedonist Someone motivated by desires for sensual pleasures
heed To mind; to pay careful attention to
heinous Shockingly brutal or cruel; atrocious; grievous; monstrous
heir One who inherits or is entitled to inherit property
hem A cloth border doubled back and stitched down
hence (Used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason,
or as a result
heritage Something transmitted by or acquired from a predecessor
heroine A woman possessing heroic qualities
hesitant Unable to act or decide quickly or firmly
hesitate To pause or hold back in uncertainty or unwillingness
hibernate To pass the season of winter asleep
hibernation The torpid or resting state in which some animals pass the winter
hierarchy A series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system
highlight v: to center attention on; n: something of major significance or
special interest
high-spirited Joyously unrestrained
hilarious Marked by or causing boisterous merriment or convulsive
laughter
hinder To prevent the progress or accomplishment of
hindsight Perception of the nature of an event after it has happened
hipster Person who is unusually aware of and interested in new and
unconventional patterns
hiss A fricative sound uttered as an expression of dislike or contempt
historian A student or writer of history
historical Belonging to the past
history The discipline that records and interprets past events
hitchhiking Traveling by securing free rides from passing vehicles
hoard A supply or fund stored up and often hidden away
hobby A pursuit outside one’s regular occupation, engaged in especially
for relaxation
hoist To raise or haul up with or as if with mechanical help
holistic Emphasizing the organic or functional relation between parts and
the whole
honor To regard or treat with esteem or respect; to revere
horizon The apparent junction of earth and sky
horizontally In a manner parallel to, in the plane of, or operating in a plane
parallel to the horizon or to a base line
hospitable Favorable to life and growth; disposed to treat guests and
strangers with cordiality and generosity
hospitalize To admit into a hospital
host A very large number; one that receives or entertains guests
socially
hostile Marked by malevolence
hostility Deep-seated, usually mutual ill will
hub The central part of a car wheel (or fan, propeller, etc.) through
which the shaft or axle passes; the center of a city
hue The quality of a color
humanity The quality or state of being humane or human
humdrum Not challenging; dull and lacking excitement; tediously repetitious
or lacking in variety; monotonous
humidifier A device for keeping the atmosphere moist in a room
humiliated Humbled; made to feel uncomfortable because of shame or
wounded pride
humility A disposition to be humble; a lack of pride
humorous Characterized by wit or comedy
hunch n: An impression that something might be the case; intuition;
suspicion; v: to arch one’s back
hypocrisy A feigning to be what one is not or to believe what one does not
hypocrite A person who professes beliefs and opinions that they do not hold
hypothesis A concept that is not yet verified, but that if true would explain
certain facts or phenomena; a theory; an opinion based on
incomplete evidence
hypothetical Being or involving an assumption or concession made for the
sake of argument
icon An object of uncritical devotion
iconoclast One who attacks cherished beliefs or institutions
idealistic Characterized by forming ideals or living under their influence
idealist Someone guided more by ideals than by practical considerations
ideally For best results; in an ideal situation
ideals Standards of perfection or beauty
identical Exactly alike
identify To establish the identity of someone or something
identity The distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting
entity
ideology A manner or the content of thinking characteristic of an
individual, group, or culture
ideologue An often blindly partisan advocate or adherent of a particular
ideology
idiosyncrasy A peculiarity of constitution or temperament; an individualizing
characteristic or quality
idol A material object that is worshipped as a god; someone who is
adored blindly and excessively
idolatrous Relating to or practicing idolatry; blindly or excessively devoted or
adoring
idolized Loved or admired to excess
ignorance Lack of knowledge or education
ignorant Lacking knowledge or comprehension
illegality Unlawfulness by virtue of violating some legal statute
illicit Contrary to or forbidden by law
illness Sickness; malady
illuminate To make bright with light; to make comprehensible
illusion A misapprehension of the true state of affairs
illustrate To make clear by giving or by serving as an example or instance
illustration An example that helps make something clear; a single item of
information that is representative of a type; a visual
representation
imagination A mental faculty forming images or concepts of things or events
not present to the senses
imaginative Marked by independence and creativity in thought or action
imbue To permeate or influence
imitated Followed as a pattern, model, or example; copied
imitation Something produced as a copy
imitative Marked by or given to imitation; (of words) formed in imitation of
a natural sound; not original
immediate Existing without intervening space or substance
immersion A state of being covered by a liquid (like water)
immigrant A person who comes to a country to take up permanent residence
imminent Ready to take place
immobility Motionlessness
immoral Conflicting with generally or traditionally held moral principles
immortal Exempt from death
immunized Rendered unsusceptible to a disease
impact The force of impression of one thing on another; a significant or
major effect
impartial Not favoring one more than another; treating all alike;
unprejudiced; unbiased
impartiality An inclination to weigh both views or opinions equally;
nonpartisanship
impeccable Without fault or error; faultless; immaculate
impede To hinder; to block passage through; to obstruct
impending About to occur
impenitent Not remorseful or repentant
imperceptible Extremely slight, gradual, or subtle
imperceptive Unable to perceive
imperial Of, relating to, befitting, or suggestive of an empire or an emperor
imperialism The policy, practice, or advocacy of extending the power and
dominion of a nation
impersonal Having no personal reference or connection
imperturbable Not easily excited or upset; marked by extreme calm and
composure
imperviousness Impenetrability
impetuous Characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation
impious Lacking piety or reverence; lacking due respect or dutifulness
implanted Fixed or set securely or deeply
implausible Having a quality that provokes disbelief; highly imaginative but
unlikely; farfetched
implement v: To make use of; n: an instrument or tool
implemented Put into execution
implicit Implied though not directly expressed
imply To express indirectly
impolite Not polite; not of polished manners; wanting in good manners;
discourteous; uncivil; rude
impostor A person who assumes a false character or pretends to be
someone else
impractical Incapable of dealing sensibly or prudently
impregnable Incapable of being taken by assault; unconquerable
impression A characteristic or feature resulting from some influence; an often
indistinct or imprecise notion or remembrance
impressionable Readily or easily influenced; suggestible
imprison To lock up in jail; to confine as if in a prison
improbability The state of being or the degree to which something is unlikely to
be true or to occur
improbable Not likely to be true or to occur or to have occurred
improperly In a manner not in accord with fact, truth, or right procedure
improvisation An unplanned act or performance; the act of making, inventing,
or arranging|offhand
improvise To perform without preparation
impulse A sudden desire; a force that makes something move
impure Not pure; not clean; dirty; foul; filthy
impurity Something that is impure or makes something else impure or
unclean; the state of being impure
impute To attribute to a source or cause
inaccessible Capable of being reached only with great difficulty or not at all;
not capable of being obtained
inaccurate Not according to truth; inexact; incorrect; erroneous
inactivity The state of being inactive; idleness
inadequate Not capable; lacking power, capacity, or competence
inadmissible Not deserving to be admitted
inadvertent Not paying attention or focusing on a matter; unintentional
inadvisable Not recommended
inane Lacking significance, meaning, or point
inarticulate Unable to speak distinctly or express oneself clearly
inaudible Impossible to hear; imperceptible by the ear
incantation A ritual recitation of magical words or sounds
incensed Angered; enraged
incentive Something that incites or has a tendency to incite to
determination or action
incident An occurrence of an action or situation that is a separate unit of
experience
incidental Occurring as a chance consequence
incinerate To reduce to ashes by burning; to thoroughly consume
incinerator A furnace for incinerating (especially to dispose of refuse)
incisive Impressively direct and decisive
incite To move to action
incitement The state or condition of being spurred to action
inclination An attitude of mind, especially one that favors one alternative
over others
incline A sloping plane
incoherent Lacking orderly continuity, arrangement, or relevance
incompatible Not easy to combine harmoniously
incompetent Not qualified or suited for a purpose; showing lack of skill or
aptitude
incongruity The quality or state of being not in harmony
incongruous Inappropriate or unsuitable; incompatible; disagreeing
inconsequential Unimportant
inconsistency Discordance in respect to sentiment or action
inconsistent Not compatible with another fact or claim
incorporate To unite or work into something already existent so as to form an
indistinguishable whole
incorrigible Unable to be reformed or amended
incremental Increasing gradually by regular degrees or additions
incriminate To accuse; to charge with a crime or fault; to criminate
incubate To cause (as an idea) to develop
incumbent The official who holds an office
indebted Owing gratitude or recognition to another
indecorous Lacking propriety and good taste in manners and conduct
indefatigable Incapable of being fatigued; untiring
indefinitely Not precisely; in a manner without exact limits
indelible Unable to be removed, washed away, or erased
independent Free; not subject to control by others; not relying on others; not
subordinate
indeterminate Not precisely established; not fixed or known in advance
indication Signal that serves to suggest something
indictment A formal written statement charging a person with an offense
indifferent Marked by a lack of interest
indignation A scornful anger at supposed unjust or unfair conduct or
treatment
indirect Not direct in manner, language, behavior or action; roundabout
indirection Procedure or action that is not straightforward or direct
indiscernible Difficult or impossible to perceive
indiscriminate Promiscuous; random; not marked by careful distinction
indispensable Absolutely or vitally necessary
indistinct Not clearly defined or easy to perceive or understand
individualistic Marked by or expressing qualities that distinguish one person
from another
indomitable Impossible to subdue
induce To call forth or bring about by influence or stimulation
inducement A positive motivational influence; an incentive; the act of bringing
about a desired result
indulgent Excessive or unrestrained in gratification of appetites, desires, or
whims
indulging Yielding to the desire of
industrial Relating to or resulting from industry
industrious Characterized by hard work and perseverance; working hard to
promote an enterprise
ineffable Defying expression or description; too sacred to be uttered
inefficacious Lacking the power to produce a desired effect
inefficient Not producing desired results; wasteful; lacking the ability or skill
to perform
effectively; inadequate
inept Not elegant or graceful in expression; generally incompetent and
ineffectual
inequities Injustices by virtue of not being fair and equitable
inevitability Something that is incapable of being avoided or evaded
inevitable Incapable of being avoided or prevented; invariably occurring or
appearing
inexorableness Mercilessness characterized by an unwillingness to relent or let
up
inextricably In a form incapable of being disentangled or solved
infamous Having a reputation of the worst kind
infamy A state of extreme dishonor; evil fame or public reputation
infection Contamination of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
causing inflammation
inferred Concluded by reasoning
infertile Not fertile or productive
infinity Time without end
inflammatory Tending to inflame or excite the senses
inflated Enlarged beyond truth or reasonableness; (informal) pretentious;
increased especially to abnormal levels
inflation The act of filling something with air
influence The power or capacity of causing an effect in indirect or intangible
ways
influential Exerting or possessing the power to cause an effect
infusion The act of infusing, pouring in, or instilling
ingenious Marked by independence and creativity in thought or action;
showing inventiveness and skill
ingredient Food that is a component of a mixture in cooking
inhabitants Those that occupy a particular place regularly, routinely, or for a
period of time
inherent Involved in the constitution or essential character of something;
belonging by nature or habit
inherit To come into possession of or receive especially as a right or
divine portion
inhibit To check; to hold back; to restrain; to hinder; to discourage from
free or spontaneous activity
initiate To introduce into a society or organization
initiated Caused or facilitated the beginning of
injurious Tending to cause great harm
innate Not established by conditioning or learning; inherent; inborn
innocent Free from evil or guilt; lacking intent or capacity to injure
innocuous Having no bad effect; harmless
innovation A new device or process created by study and experimentation
innovative Characterized by the introduction of something new
inoculate To introduce a microorganism into; to produce immunity in by
inoculation
inoculation Taking a vaccine as a precaution against contracting a disease
inquiry A request for information; an examination; an investigation
inquisitive Showing curiosity
inquisitor A questioner who is excessively harsh
insecure Not firm or firmly fixed; lacking self-confidence or assurance
insensitive Lacking feeling or tact
insight The power or act of seeing into a situation
insincere Not marked by genuineness; false
insipid Uninteresting; unchallenging
insistence The act or an instance of compelling attention
insolence The trait of being rude and impertinent; the inclination to take
liberties; an offensive, disrespectful, impudent act
insomnia An inability to sleep; chronic sleeplessness
inspection The act of viewing closely in critical appraisal
inspector One who inspects, views, or oversees
inspiration The action or power of moving the intellect or emotions
inspire To exert an animating, enlivening, or exalting influence on
instability The quality or state of being not firm or fixed
install To set up for use or service
instantaneously Without any delay
instigate To goad or urge forward
instinct A natural or inherent aptitude, impulse, or capacity
institute To originate and get established
institution Established order, method, or custom
instruction The action, practice, or profession of teaching
instructive Carrying a lesson
insular Relating to, characteristic of, or situated on an island; having or
reflecting a narrow viewpoint
insulate To protect from heat, cold, noise, etc. by surrounding with
insulating material; to place or set apart
insure To make certain of something
insurgency An organized rebellion aimed at overthrowing a government
insuring Making certain especially by taking necessary measures and
precautions
intangible Incapable of being perceived by the senses, especially the sense of
touch
integrity Firm adherence to a code of especially moral or artistic values
intellectual Engaged in activity requiring the creative use of the intellect
intended Purposed; designed
intense Existing in an extreme degree
intensify To increase in extent or strength
intensity Extreme degree of strength, force, energy, or feeling
intent The state of mind with which an act is done
intention A determination to act in a certain way or to do a certain thing;
purpose; design
interchange Mutual interaction; the activity of reciprocating
interlocutors People who take part in dialogue or conversation
interlude An intervening period or episode; a brief show performed between
the sections of another performance
interminable Tiresomely long; seemingly without end
intermission A time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of
something
interpretation A particular adaptation or version of a work, method, or style; an
explanation of something not immediately obvious
interpreter Someone who uses art to represent something; someone who
translates from one language to another
interrelated Having a mutual or reciprocal connection
interrogation Formal and systematic questioning
intersecting Meeting and crossing mutually; sharing a common area
intersection A point where lines or roads cross; the set of elements common to
two or more sets
interval A space between objects, units, points, or states
interview A formal consultation usually to evaluate qualifications (as of a
prospective student or employee)
intimacy Something of a personal or private nature
intimation An indirect suggestion
intimidated Made timid or fearful as by threats; frightened into submission or
compliance
intransigent Refusing to compromise or to abandon an extreme position or
attitude; unsusceptible to persuasion
intrepid Invulnerable to fear or intimidation
intricacy Elaborately complex detail
intricate Highly involved; marked by complexity and richness of detail
intrigue To arouse the interest, desire, or curiosity of
intriguing Capable of arousing interest or curiosity
introspection An examination of one’s own thoughts and feelings
intrusive Tending to intrude (especially upon privacy)
intuition Quick and ready insight
intuitive Directly apprehended
intuitively By way of quick and ready insight or immediate apprehension
inundated Rendered powerless by an excessive amount or profusion of
something; overwhelmed
invalid Being without foundation or force in fact, truth, or law
invaluable Valuable beyond estimation; inestimable; priceless; precious
invariable Unchangeable
invent To devise; to contrive or produce for the first time
invention The creation of something in the mind
inversion The reversal of the normal order of words; the act of turning
inside out or upside down
invest To lay out (money or capital) in business with the view of
obtaining an income or profit
investigate To trace or track mentally; to search into; to inquire and examine
into with care and accuracy
investment Money or capital laid out in an enterprise with the expectation of
profit
inveterate Firming established by long persistence or habit
invigorate To give life and energy and strength to
invincible Incapable of being overcome or subdued
inviolable That cannot be transgressed or dishonored; able to withstand
attack
invisible Incapable of being seen; not perceptible by vision; not visible
ire Intense and usually openly displayed anger
iridescent Having or exhibiting a lustrous, rainbowlike play of color caused
by light refraction that tends to change as the angle of view
changes
ironic Given to the use of words to express something other than and
especially the opposite of the literal meaning
irony A trope that involves incongruity between what is expected and
what occurs
irrational Not consistent with or using reason
irrationalist One who emphasizes intuition, instinct, feeling, or faith rather
than reason
irrelevant Not having significant and demonstrable bearing on the matter at
hand
irreproachable Faultless; blameless; inculpable
irresolute Lacking decisiveness of character
irresponsible Showing lack of care for consequences
irreverence Disregard or disrespect of authority or character
irrigate To supply (as land) with water by artificial means
irritable Easily annoyed
irritate To provoke impatience, anger, or displeasure in; to tease; to
exasperate; to annoy
isolated Not close together in time; being or feeling set or kept apart from
others; quarantined
isolation A state of separation between persons or groups
issues Things coming forth from a specified source
itinerary An account of travels; a register of places and distances as a
guide to travelers
ivy A widely cultivated and ornamental climbing, prostrate, or
sometimes shrubby vine
jaded Tired or dulled through repetition or excess
jarring Affecting disagreeably
jauntiness Sprightly manner or appearance; liveliness
jazz American music genre developed especially from ragtime and
blues
jeopardizing Exposing to loss or injury; risking
jog To run at a moderately swift pace
joint United; combined; concerted; joined
jollity The state of feeling jolly and jovial and full of good humor
journal A book of accounts in which is entered a condensed and grouped
statement of daily transactions
journey An act or instance of traveling from one place to another
jubilation A feeling of extreme joy
judge n: Someone who decides the outcome of a dispute; v: to administer
justice in a court
jurisdiction The power, right, or authority to interpret and apply the law
jurisprudence The branch of philosophy concerned with the law; a system or
body of law
juror Someone who serves (or waits to be called to serve) on a jury
jury A body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the
evidence presented in a court of law
justice The quality or state of being just, impartial, or fair
justify To prove or show to be just, right, or reasonable
juxtaposition The act or an instance of placing two or more things side by side
kernel The inner and usually edible part of a seed, grain, nut, or fruit
stone
key Something that gives an explanation or identification or provides
a solution
kin Group of people related by blood or marriage
kindness The quality of being warm-hearted, considerate, humane, and
sympathetic
knot Any of various fastenings formed by looping and tying a rope or
cord upon itself
labeled Bearing or marked with a label or tag
laborious Involving or characterized by hard or toilsome effort
lace To draw through eyes or holes (“lace the shoes”)
lack To be deficient or missing something
lackadaisical Lacking spirit or liveliness
ladle A deep-bowled, long-handled spoon used especially for dipping up
and conveying liquids
laggard Inclined to waste time and lag behind
lament To mourn aloud
lamentation The act of bewailing; audible expression of sorrow; wailing;
moaning
lamented Mourned for
lampoon To make the subject of a harsh satire, usually directed against an
individual
landscape A picture representing a view of natural inland scenery
languidly Without animation; weakly; wearily; heavily; dully
larceny Theft; the unlawful taking of personal property with intent to
deprive the rightful owner of it
latent Concealed; dormant; existing but not developed or manifest
laudatory Expressing praise
lauded Praised; extolled
lava The melted rock ejected by a volcano
lavishly In a rich and extravagant manner
lecture To teach by giving a discourse on some subject
lecturer One who delivers a lecture
legend A story about mythical or supernatural beings or events; a brief
description accompanying an illustration
legendary Fully or widely known
legion A great number; a multitude
legislator A lawgiver; one who makes laws for a state or community; a
member of a legislative body
legislature An organized body having the authority to make laws for a
political unit
leniency A disposition to yield to the wishes of someone
lethargic Morbidly drowsy; dull; heavy; deficient in alertness or activity
lethargy A state of inaction or indifference
levity Lightness, especially in mood
lexicography The principles and practices of dictionary making
liability Debt; obligation; responsibility
liberally In a generous manner
liberating Tending to set free
liberator One who frees (as a country) from domination
libertarian Someone who believes the doctrine of free will
likelihood The quality or state of being probable
limerick A form of light or humorous verse with a specific rhythm and
rhyme scheme (5 chiefly anapestic verses: lines 1, 2, and 5 are of
three feet; lines 3 and 4 are of two feet; rhyme scheme is aabba)
linchpin A central cohesive source of support and stability
linguist A person who specializes in languages
liniment A liquid or semiliquid preparation that is applied to the skin as an
anodyne or a counterirritant
literary Of, relating to, or having the characteristics of humane learning
or literature
lithe Gracefully slender; moving and bending with ease
litigant A person engaged in a lawsuit
livid 1. Ash-colored or anemic looking from illness or emotion; 2: very
angry;
enraged
loath Unwilling to do something contrary to one’s ways of thinking
loathing Extreme disgust; a feeling of aversion, nausea, abhorrence, or
detestation
lobbying Addressing members of a legislative body with the purpose of
influencing their votes
lobbyist Someone who tries to persuade legislators to vote for bills they
favor
locomotive Self-propelled engine used to draw trains along railway tracks
lofty Lifted high up; having great height; towering; high
logic A science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of
inference and demonstration
long-standing Of long duration
looming Coming into sight in enlarged or distorted and indistinct form
loyalty The quality of being unswerving in allegiance
lubricate To make slippery or smooth with oil or grease
lucid Clear; easily understood; capable of thinking and expressing in a
clear and consistent manner
lull A pause during which things are calm or activities are diminished
lullaby A quiet song intended to lull a child to sleep
luminous Softly bright or radiant; emitting or reflecting usually steady,
suffused, or glowing light
lummox An awkward, clumsy person
lunar Of or relating to the moon
lure 1: Something used to lure victim into danger; bait; decoy; 2: to
draw with a hint of pleasure or gain
lurid Glaringly vivid and graphic; shining with an unnatural red glow
as of fire seen through smoke
lush Produced or growing in extreme abundance
lyric Exuberant; rhapsodic; suitable for singing or being set to music
lyrical Expressing deep personal emotion
lyricist A writer of lyrics
lyrics The words of a song
machinations Covert and involved plottings to achieve usually evil ends
magnetic Possessing an extraordinary power or ability to attract
magnetism An ability to attract or charm
magnify To increase in size, volume or significance
magnitude Great size or extent
mainstream A prevailing current or direction of activity or influence
maintaining Keeping in an existing state
majority The quality or state of being greater
malediction A curse that invokes evil (and usually serves as an insult)
malevolence An evil disposition toward another; an inclination to injure others;
ill will
malfunction To fail to operate normally
malinger To avoid responsibilities and duties by feigning incapacity
malleable Capable of being shaped or bent or drawn out
mandate A document giving an official instruction or command
mane Long and heavy hair growing about the neck and head of some
mammals
manifesto A written statement declaring publicly the intentions, motives, or
views of its issuer
manufacturing The organized action of making goods and services for sale
manuscript A written or typewritten composition or document as
distinguished from a printed copy
marine biologist A scientist dealing with the study of sea life
mariners Persons who navigate or assist in navigating a ship; sailors
marred Having the surface damaged or disfigured
mass A large quantity, amount, or number
master To become skilled or proficient in the use of
materialistically With a stress on material rather than on intellectual or spiritual
things
maturation The process of becoming mature or attaining a final or desired
state
maverick Independent in behavior or thought
maxim A saying of proverbial nature
meager Deficient in amount, quality or extent
meaningful Having purpose; significant; having an assigned function in a
language system
means Things useful or helpful to a desired end
mechanical Using (or as if using) mechanisms, tools or devices
mechanic One who repairs machines
mechanized Equipped with machinery especially to replace human or animal
labor
meddlers People who interfere with others without right or propriety
mediation Negotiation to resolve differences conducted by some impartial
party
mediator A negotiator who acts as a link between parties
medieval Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Middle Ages
mediocrity Ordinariness as a consequence of being average and not
outstanding
meditate To think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes
medley An assortment or a mixture, especially of musical pieces
meek Not violent or strong
melancholy Depression of spirits
melodious Having a musical sound, especially a pleasing tune
melodrama An extravagant comedy in which action is more salient than
characterization
melody A rhythmic succession of single tones organized as an aesthetic
whole
memoir A narrative composed from personal experience
menacing Threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments
mend The repair of a worn or torn place in a garment
mentor A wise and trusted counselor, guide, or advisor
merchants Buyers and sellers of commodities for profit
merciful Full of mercy; having or exercising mercy; compassionate;
unwilling to punish
mercurial Characterized by rapid and unpredictable changeableness of
mood
mercy A disposition to be kind and forgiving
merit To be worthy of or entitled to
merits Praiseworthy qualities
merriment Activities that are enjoyable or amusing
meteorologist A scientist who deals with weather and weather forecasting
meticulous Extremely careful and precise
micron A measure of length equal to the millionth part of a meter
miffed Slightly offended
migration Movement from one country, place, or locality to another
mime To act a part with mimic gesture and action usually without
words
mimicry Imitation of a person, gesture, etc.
minimize To reduce to the smallest part or proportion possible; to reduce to
a minimum
minister One officiating or assisting the officiant in church worship
minor Comparatively unimportant
mirage An optical illusion caused by atmospheric conditions (e.g., a pool
of water in the desert)
mirth Gladness or gaiety as shown by or accompanied with laughter
mirthful Full of or showing high-spirited merriment
misanthrope A person who hates or distrusts mankind
misconception An incorrect understanding or belief
misdeed Improper, wicked or immoral behavior
misdiagnose To analyze the cause or nature of an illness or situation
incorrectly
misfortune An event or series of events causing an unfortunate or distressing
result
misgivings Doubts about the fitness of an action
misleading Leading in a wrong direction or into a mistaken action
misnomer The misnaming of a person in a legal instrument; the use of a
wrong name
misperception Mistaken perception or idea; incorrect awareness of the elements
of environment through physical sensation
misrepresent To give a false or misleading representation of, usually with an
intent to deceive or be unfair
mission An operation that is assigned by a higher headquarters
misstate To state something incorrectly
mitigated Made less severe or painful
mock To treat with contempt or ridicule
moderate Professing or characterized by political or social beliefs that are
not extreme
mode A form or manner of expression
modest Marked by simplicity
modicum A small, moderate or token amount
modify To make partial changes in; to make different
mollify To calm or soothe
monarch A person who reigns over a kingdom or empire
monarchy Undivided rule or absolute sovereignty by a single person
monochromatic Having or appearing to have only one color
monologue A dramatic sketch performed by one actor
monopoly A market in which there are many buyers but only one seller
monosyllabic Having, characterized by, or consisting of one syllable
monotonous Tediously repetitious or lacking in variety
monument Something which stands, or remains, to keep in remembrance
what is past
moral Of or relating to principles of right and wrong in behavior
moralistic Characterized by or expressive of a narrow and conventional
moral attitude
morality A doctrine or system of moral conduct
morally In a manner relating to principles of right and wrong in behavior
morass Something that traps, confuses, or impedes
morose Having a sullen and gloomy disposition
motive Something (as a need or desire) that causes a person to act
mourner A person who is grieving over someone who has died
mournful Expressing sorrow
movement A natural event that involves a change in the position or location
of something; motion
mule Sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse
multifaceted Having many aspects
multitude The state of being many
mundane Found in the ordinary course of events
munificence Extremely liberal generosity of spirit
mural A big painting applied directly to a wall
mutability Susceptibility of change
mutilate To cut up or alter radically so as to make imperfect
mutter To complain quietly
mutual Reciprocally acting or related; common to or shared by two or
more parties
mystery A profound secret; something which has not been or can not be
explained
mystical Having a spiritual meaning or reality that is neither apparent to
the senses nor obvious to the intelligence
mystify To perplex the mind of; to puzzle
mythical Based on traditional stories and lacking factual basis or historical
validity
myths Traditional stories accepted as history which serve to explain the
world view of a people; imaginary notions
naïve Marked by unaffected simplicity
nap A period of time spent sleeping
narcissistic Having an inflated idea of one’s own importance
narrate To give a detailed account of
narrative Consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story
narrator Someone who tells a story
narrowly In a narrow manner; not allowing for exceptions
nasal Of, in or relating to the nose
nascent Coming into existence; just beginning to be
native Being such by origin
naval Of or relating to ships or shipping
navigable Able to be sailed on or through safely
navigate To guide of steer oneself
necessity The quality or state of being needed or necessary
negate To prove negative; to show to be false
neglect n: Lack of attention and due care; v: to leave undone or unattended
negotiator Someone who confers with others in order to reach an agreement
nervous Sensitive; excitable; timid
nest A structure in which animals lay eggs or give birth to their young
nickname A usually descriptive name given instead of or in addition to the
one belonging to a person, place, or thing
nip To cut off at the very commencement of growth; to kill in the
incipient stage
nocturnal Belonging to or active during the night
nomads People, usually in groups, that have no permanent home but
move about according to the seasons
nonchalance The trait of remaining calm and seeming not to care; a casual
lack of concern
nonconformist One who does not comply to some norm or socially approved
pattern of behavior or thought
nondescript Lacking distinct or individual characteristics; dull and
uninteresting
nonetheless Despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession)
nostalgic Longing for familiar things or persons, or for a period of time or
an occurrence that has past
notable Worthy of notice; remarkable
noteworthy Worthy of notice
notorious Having an exceedingly bad reputation
nourishing Providing sustenance
nourishment Food; sustenance; that which promotes the growth of
novel An extended fictional work in prose, usually in the form of a story
novel (adj) Original or striking especially in conception or style
novelty Something new or unusual
novice At a first stage of development; just becoming familiar with the
rudiments or skills or routines
nuance A subtle difference in meaning
nudge To push into action by pestering or annoying gently
nursery 1: A room for a baby; 2: a building with glass walls and roof for
the cultivation of plants under controlled conditions
nurtured Fed; nourished; cherished
nutrient 1: Providing nourishment; 2: a nutritive substance or ingredient
nutritious Nourishing
obdurate Stubborn; inflexible
obedience Compliance with that which is required by authority; subjection
to rightful restraint or control
objection A reason or argument presented in opposition
objective Dealing with facts or conditions as perceived without distortion by
personal feelings
objectivity Judgment based on observable phenomena and uninfluenced by
emotions or personal prejudices
obligation That which obligates or constrains; the binding power of a
promise, contract, oath, or duty
obliging Happy to comply
obliterate To remove utterly from recognition or memory
oblivious Lacking conscious awareness of; failing to keep in mind
obscene Designed to incite to lust or depravity
obscure Not clearly understood or expressed
observable Capable of being seen or noticed
observation An act of recognizing and noting a fact or occurrence
observed Discovered or determined by scientific observation; witnessed at
first hand
obsessive Characterized by obsession; excessive often to an unreasonable
degree
obsolete Old; no longer in use or valid or fashionable
obstacle Something immaterial that stands in the way and must be
circumvented or surmounted
obstinacy Resolute adherence to one’s own ideas or desires; stubbornness
obstreperous Marked by unruly or aggressive noisiness
occupy To take up (a place or space)
octopus Bottom-living cephalopod having a soft oval body with eight long
tentacles
offbeat Deviating from an established or usual pattern or style
offend To transgress the moral or divine law
official One who holds an office; one having official authority or sanction
ointment Any of various substances resembling cream that have a healing
or soothing
effect when applied to the skin
olfactory Of, relating to, or connected with the sense of smell
ominous Menacing; threatening
omnipotence The quality or state of having unlimited authority or influence; an
agency or force of unlimited power
7omnipresent Present in all places at all times
omniscience The quality or state of having infinite awareness, understanding,
and insight
onerous Not easily borne; wearing
onset The beginning or early stages
opinion A personal belief that is not founded on proof or certainty
opponent One that takes an opposite position
opportunist A person who takes immediate advantage, often unethically, of a
circumstance of possible benefit; self-seeker
opportunity A possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances
opposing In opposition to; characterized by active hostility
oppressive Unreasonably burdensome or severe
optimistic Anticipating the best possible outcome
opulent Rich and superior in quality; exhibiting a display of great wealth
oration An elaborate discourse, delivered in public, treating an important
subject in a formal and dignified manner
orator A person who delivers a speech or oration
orbit A path described by one body in its revolution about another
orchard A small cultivated wood without undergrowth
order Specified sequence, succession, etc.
ore A source from which valuable matter is extracted
organic Involving the use of food produced without employment of
chemically formulated fertilizers
organism A complex structure of interdependent and subordinate elements
organized Formed into a structured or coherent whole; methodical and
efficient in arrangement or function
orientation Position or alignment relative to points of the compass or other
specific directions
origin The first existence or beginning of anything; the point at which
something begins or from which it derives
original Preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed
ornament That which embellishes or adorns; that which adds grace or
beauty
ornate Elaborately ornamented
orthodox Conforming to established doctrine
ossify To become hardened or conventional and opposed to change
ostentatious Indulging in showy or pretentious display
ostracism The state of being banished or excluded from society by general
consent
outcast A person who is rejected (from society or home)
outcome Something that follows as a result or consequence
outdated Old; no longer in use or valid or fashionable
outlandish Strikingly out of the ordinary
outline A preliminary account
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